Connecticut, constituent state of the United States of America. It was one of the original 13 states and is one of the six New England states. Connecticut is in the northeastern corner of the country. It ranks 48th among the 50 U.S. states in terms of total area but is among the most densely populated. Lying during the great urban-industrial complex along the Atlantic coast, it borders Massachusetts to the north, Rhode Island to the east, Long Island Sound (an arm of the Atlantic Ocean) to the south, and New York to the west. Hartford, in the north-central part of the state, is the capital. The state is roughly rectangular, with a panhandle of Fairfield County extending to the southwest on the New York border. The state’s greatest east-west length is about 110 miles (180 km), and its maximum north-south extent is about 70 miles (110 km). Connecticut takes its name from an Algonquian word meaning “land on the long tidal river.” “Nutmeg State,” “Constitution State,” and “Land of Steady Habits” are all sobriquets that have been applied to Connecticut.
Connecticut ranks among the top U.S. states in average annual individual salary, median household income, teachers’ salaries, major corporate headquarters per capita, and access to primary health care. The strength of its economy lies in a skilled workforce, much of it engaged in fabricating products that have been manufactured in Connecticut since the products were invented.
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