Online GIS Master’s

An online master’s in GIS degree program provides accurate knowledge and the skills required to be creative and solve today’s complex environmental and geographical issues. GIS is a complicated discipline encompassing various topics, from Cartography, Remote Sensing, and Road Planning to Global Positioning Systems in GIS, Natural Resources, and Emergency Management. Students also learn about Landscape Modeling, Water Conservation, Internet Mapping, Data Collection and Digital Imaging Processing, and the functions of Geographic Information Systems, among others. Theory, Statistics, and Research are at the core of any GIS program.

Curriculum and Skills Gained in Master’s in GIS Programs

The coursework in an online master of GIS generally includes highly technical and scientific subjects. Along with standard courses, students are also required to take electives of their choice and sometimes complete a capstone project or thesis. Some examples of this course include:

Geospatial Data Analysis 

This course provides an in-depth exploration of geospatial data analysis techniques and methodologies. One will learn to manipulate, analyze, and interpret spatial data using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software. Topics covered include spatial data types, geoprocessing, spatial statistics, spatial querying, and spatial modeling. Practical exercises and real-world case studies will reinforce concepts and develop their analytical skills in handling geospatial data effectively.

3D Geospatial Urban Modeling and Visualization

This course focuses on advanced techniques for creating and visualizing 3D models of urban environments using geospatial data. Students will learn to integrate various data sources, such as LiDAR, photogrammetry, and GIS data, to generate accurate 3D representations of cities and urban landscapes. Topics include 3D data acquisition, point cloud processing, terrain modeling, building reconstruction, texture mapping, and immersive visualization techniques. Through hands-on projects, they will gain practical experience creating detailed 3D models and visualizations for urban planning, design, and analysis.

GPS for Resource Mapping

This course explores using Global Positioning System (GPS) technology for mapping and monitoring natural resources and environmental phenomena. Students will learn about the principles of GPS, including satellite navigation, positioning techniques, and accuracy considerations. Topics include GPS data collection methods, field surveying techniques, data integration with GIS, and applications in resource management, such as forestry, agriculture, water resources, and biodiversity conservation. Practical exercises will enable them to apply GPS technology to map and assess various natural resources in real-world contexts.

Urban Applications in GIS

This course examines the diverse applications of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in urban planning, management, and decision-making processes. Students will explore how GIS technology can analyze spatial patterns, assess urban infrastructure, model urban growth, and support sustainable development initiatives. Topics include land use planning, transportation planning, environmental impact assessment, demographic analysis, and emergency management. Case studies and projects will illustrate the practical use of GIS tools and techniques in addressing urban challenges and improving the quality of life in cities.

Remote Sensing

This course introduces remote sensing techniques and applications for environmental monitoring, natural resource management, and land use analysis. Students will learn about remote sensing principles, including sensor types, image acquisition, and spectral analysis. Topics include image interpretation, classification algorithms, change detection, and image processing techniques using remote sensing software. Through hands-on exercises and projects, they will gain practical experience analyzing satellite and aerial imagery to extract valuable information about the Earth’s surface and dynamic processes.

Here is an additional list of some of the courses one can expect:

• Coastal GIS
• International Case Studies of GIS for Sustainability Management
• GIST Science
• Spatial Analysis and Decision-Making
• Project Planning
• Customizing Planning Information Systems
• Internet Geographic Information Systems
• GIS & Public Administration
• Coop Experience
• Leadership in GIS Organizations
• Remote Sensing: Earth Observing Systems and Applications
• Development and Management of GIS Projects
• Geospatial Ontologies and Semantics
• Computer Cartography
• Geospatial Modeling and Analysis
• Surface Water Hydrology with GIS
• Remote Sensing and Imagery Interpretation
• Spatial Analysis and Web Mapping
• Principles of Geodatabases
• Geographic Information Science
• GIS Spatial Analysis
• Graphic Design in Cartography
• Interactive Cartography and Visualization
• Landscape Ecology
• Advanced Vector GIS
• GIS and Map Comparison
• Advanced Remote Sensing Remotely Sensed Data
• Python Programming

Upon graduating from the program, GIS students would have developed a host of skills, such as the ability to:

• design databases, efficiently and accurately analyze data, and present sound solutions to global issues;
• understand the nature of geographic data and recognize the appropriate application of GIS technologies;
• solve spatial and real-world problems and plan, implement, and initiate GIS projects;
• understand the nature of mapping systems, geodata, and spatial visualization;
• combine and use geospatial theory, hands-on applications, and client-based instruction to deliver a wide range of expertise to local, state, national, and international organizations;
• analyze and implement cartographic principles to design and initiate complex geospatial designs, and
• demonstrate skills in project management, system implementation, and database development.

Master’s in GIS Degree Types

There are two distinct degree types to pursue graduate-level GIS studies. One is the Master of Arts or MA in GIS, and the other is the Master of Science or MS in GIS.

Specializations in Master’s in GIS Programs

In an ever-evolving field as vast as GIS, concentrations and specializations give students an added advantage when carving out a good career path. The study of GIS can be broken down into specialized areas, some of which include but are not limited to:

Specialization	Specialization Description	Careers
GIS & Remote Sensing	This specialization integrates Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing technologies for spatial data analysis, mapping, and monitoring. One learns about satellite imagery, aerial photography, and GIS software for environmental assessment, urban planning, and natural resource management.	GIS Analyst, Remote Sensing Specialist, Environmental Scientist, Urban Planner, and more.
Environmental GIS	This specialization focuses on applying GIS technology to address environmental issues such as land use change, biodiversity conservation, pollution monitoring, and ecological modeling. One learns about spatial analysis techniques and environmental science principles for informed decision-making.	Environmental Planner, Conservation Scientist, Environmental Consultant, Natural Resource Manager, and more.
Geospatial Technology	This specialization explores advanced geospatial technologies for data acquisition, analysis, and visualization, including LiDAR, GPS, and UAVs. One emphasizes developing and implementing cutting-edge tools and techniques in various domains such as agriculture, transportation, and disaster management.	Geospatial Engineer, Geospatial Analyst, UAV Pilot, Geospatial Software Developer, and more.
Geospatial Intelligence	This specialization explores geospatial analysis and data visualization techniques to support intelligence gathering, national security, and defense operations. It involves interpreting spatial data to identify patterns, threats, and trends for strategic decision-making and situational awareness.	Geospatial Intelligence Analyst, Intelligence Officer, Military Geospatial Specialist, Defense Analyst, and more.
Geodesign	This specialization integrates design, geography, and technology principles to address complex spatial problems in urban planning, landscape architecture, and environmental design. It utilizes GIS, CAD, and 3D modeling tools to explore, analyze, and visualize alternative design scenarios.	Geodesigner, Urban Designer, Landscape Architect, GIS Planner, and more.
Spatial Data Acquisition and Integration	This specialization focuses on data collection methods, including GPS, surveying, and sensor technologies, and integrating diverse spatial datasets from multiple sources. It emphasizes data quality, accuracy assessment, and metadata management for effective decision-making and analysis.	Geospatial Data Technician, Surveyor, Field GIS Specialist, Data Integration Analyst, and more.
Spatial Application Development	This specialization involves the development of custom GIS applications, web-based mapping tools, and geospatial software solutions. It covers programming languages (e.g., Python, JavaScript), APIs, and frameworks for building interactive mapping interfaces and geospatial data processing workflows.	GIS Developer, Geospatial Software Engineer, Web GIS Developer, Spatial Data Scientist, and more.
Spatial Thinking	This specialization develops spatial reasoning skills and analytical thinking abilities essential for interpreting and understanding spatial relationships and patterns. One learns about applying concepts from geography, mathematics, and cognitive science to solve spatial problems and make informed decisions.	Spatial Analyst, Geographic Information Scientist, Spatial Cognitive Researcher, GIS Educator, and more.
Spatial Data Analysis Visualizations	This specialization explores techniques for analyzing and visualizing spatial data to extract meaningful insights and communicate findings effectively. It covers methods such as spatial statistics, visualization, and cartographic design for creating informative and visually compelling maps and graphics.	Data Visualization Specialist, Cartographer, GIS Data Analyst, Spatial Analyst, and more.
Digital Mapping	This specialization focuses on creating, manipulating, and analyzing digital maps using GIS software and online platforms. It covers topics of cartographic principles, map design, and spatial data visualization techniques for producing accurate, informative, and visually appealing maps for various purposes.	Digital Cartographer, GIS Mapper, Mapping Technician, Spatial Data Visualization Specialist, and more.

Timeline for Graduating from Online GIS Master’s Programs

The general duration of an online master’s in GIS is approximately two years. However, depending on whether the study is part-time or full-time, entirely online or hybrid (offline and online), and the chosen concentration and coursework, the duration to complete the degree can range from 16 months to about 36 months. A part-time degree extends the timeline to more than two years. Alternatively, students can opt for an accelerated format, completing the program in less than two years. Here is an overview of the timelines for completing an online master’s degree in GIS:

• Full-time program: Approximately two years to complete the GIS program.
• Part-time program: Requires two to four years to complete the GIS program.
• Accelerated program: Completion in less than two years for those opting for an accelerated pace.

Accelerated Online GIS Master’s Programs

Accelerated master’s programs in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) offer an efficient pathway for students to earn both a bachelor’s and master’s degree in a shortened timeframe. These programs typically integrate undergraduate and graduate coursework, allowing them to complete their studies more quickly than traditional programs. Here are a few examples of accelerated graduate GIS programs:

• University of Wisconsin System ^[1]
• Michigan Technological University ^[2]

Admission Requirements for Online GIS Master’s Programs

The admission requirements for online master’s programs in GIS typically align with those of traditional master’s programs. Generally, colleges and universities seek applicants who meet the following criteria:

• Completed Application Form and Fee
  Prospective students must submit a completed application form and the necessary fee. This step initiates the admission process and ensures that applicants are formally considered for enrolment;
• Official Academic Transcripts
  Applicants must provide official transcripts from all previous academic institutions attended. Most programs require a minimum Grade Point Average (GPA), often set at 3.0 or higher, although specific requirements may vary among institutions;
• Résumé or Curriculum Vitae (CV)
  A current Résumé or CV detailing relevant work experience, educational background, and any other pertinent achievements or qualifications in the field of GIS is usually required. This document helps admissions committees evaluate applicants’ preparedness and suitability for the program;
• Letters of Recommendation
  Applicants typically need to submit three letters of recommendation from individuals familiar with their academic or professional abilities. These letters provide insights into applicants’ character, skills, and potential for success in graduate studies;
• Personal Statement
  A Personal Statement or statement of purpose is often required, allowing applicants to articulate their academic and career goals, explain their interest in GIS, and discuss how the program aligns with their aspirations. This essay provides an opportunity for applicants to demonstrate their motivation and passion for the field;
• Graduate Record Examination (GRE)
  While not universally required, some programs may ask applicants to submit Graduate Record Examination scores as part of their application. The GRE assesses verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and analytical writing skills and is a standardized measure of academic readiness for graduate-level studies.

Accreditation for Master’s in GIS Programs

Accreditation plays a crucial role in determining the quality of a master’s program. It symbolizes reliability, trustworthiness, and superiority and signifies that a program has met or exceeded preset and defined standards. Accreditation also ensures that the master’s degree is recognized industry-wide and for college transfers. 

While no specific accrediting body is dedicated solely to GIS programs, some programs may be accredited by discipline-specific organizations or bodies. The University Consortium for Geographic Information Science (UCGIS) ^[3] offers accreditation for GIS programs that meet specific criteria related to curriculum, faculty qualifications, and resources.

Institutional accreditation is conferred by regional accrediting agencies, such as:

• New England Association of Schools and Colleges (NEASC) ^[4]
• Middle States Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools (MSA-CESS) ^[5]
• Higher Learning Commission (HLC) ^[6]
• Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges (SACSCOC) ^[7]
• Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities (NWCCU) ^[8]
• Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC) Senior College and University Commission (WSCUC) ^[9]

Graduates in GIS should always look for programs or online schools accredited by at least one accrediting body. More information on accreditation can be found in the Accreditation Guide.

No GRE for Master’s in GIS Programs

Many master’s programs in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) do not require applicants to submit Graduate Record Examination (GRE) scores as part of the admissions process. Other application materials, such as academic transcripts, letters of recommendation, a statement of purpose, and a résumé or curriculum vitae, may still be required to assess applicants’ qualifications and suitability for the program. Examples of universities providing a no GRE master’s in GIS degree are: 

• Kent State University^[10]
• University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign ^[11]

Although a GIS master’s program cannot be done for free, some learning portals offer individual courses, specializations, and certificate programs without any fee. However, it is essential to note that many such free offerings do not lead to a certificate and certainly come nowhere close to an entire master’s degree. Still, these online lessons are an excellent way for students further to enhance their knowledge of GIS or areas within GIS. Examples of a few free GIS courses are:

Course	Geographic Information Systems (GIS) [12]
Provided by	Coursera
Description	In a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) course, students delve into the theory, principles, and practical applications of GIS technology. Beginning with foundational concepts, such as spatial data types and coordinate systems, they progress to explore methods for acquiring, managing, and visualizing spatial data effectively. They learn various spatial analysis techniques, including spatial statistics and modeling, to extract meaningful insights from geospatial data and simulate real-world processes.

Course	Geographic Information Systems (GIS): Free Online GIS Training [13]
Provided by	University at Buffalo: The State University of New York
Description	Beginning with foundational concepts, participants understand spatial data types, coordinate systems, and GIS technology principles. Through interactive modules and practical exercises, they learn how to acquire, manage, and analyze spatial data effectively using GIS software tools.

Course	Getting Started with GIS [14]
Provided by	ESRI
Description	Throughout the course, participants learn essential skills such as understanding spatial data types, coordinate systems, and basic GIS functionalities. They gain hands-on experience with popular GIS software tools, learning to navigate interfaces, manipulate spatial data, and create simple maps. Additionally, students explore various data acquisition methods, including GPS, remote sensing, and digitization, and learn to integrate different spatial data types for analysis.