MA vs. MS: What’s the Difference &
Which One Should You Do?

An MA or Master of Arts in the U.S. is a specialized degree in disciplines like philosophy, language, history, design, social science, management, fine arts, and more. It can also be awarded for subjects considered within other domains, including those with scientific orientations like geology, and behavioral psychology, among others.

The primary learning mode for Master of Arts degrees includes seminars based on debates about a relevant topic matter with research and discussion on it. Students can complete this program in two years, and depending on the choice of subject, they may be required to submit a thesis. 

Some of the most common subjects in which one pursues an online master of arts degree include:

• Journalism and Mass Communication
• Foreign Languages, like French, German, Spanish, Chinese, etc.
• Art History
• Philosophy
• Religion
• Political Science*
• Sociology
• International Affairs
• Psychology*
• Education and topics within Education, like Educational Technology, School Counselling, etc.*
• Comparative Literature
• English
• Management Studies
• Health Care Management (including subjects of Mental Healthcare)*

*These degrees are highest-paying Master of Arts degrees.

Here is a table with the highest-paying MA degrees and their average median pay in 2021:

The MS or Master of Science is a two-year graduate study that is generally technically oriented and focused on developing problem-solving and analytical skills through coursework, laboratory and practical experience, and research. 

It is mainly taken up after receiving a bachelor’s degree and is available in technology, science, law, finance, social science, and arts. Those who want to pursue more scientific or mathematical-oriented programs take up MS in computer science, engineering, mathematics, public health, biochemistry, economics, engineering, etc. 

Unlike MA degrees, most MS programs require students to complete a thesis requirement. Completing a thesis requires substantial coursework and using various research methods. Students will also be required to defend their thesis by integrating what has been done in class and data obtained from lab work. 

MS programs typically take two years to complete; however, some may take longer, especially if you submit a thesis toward your degree’s end.

Some of the most popular MS degrees in the U.S. include:

• Computer Science*
• Software Development*
• Data Science
• Health Management*
• Engineering
• Business Analytics
• Engineering*
• Nurse Anesthesia*
• Physician Assistant
• Math
• Nursing*
• Economics*
• Actuary*

*These degrees are the highest-paying Master of Science Degrees.

Here is a table with the highest-paying MS degrees and their average median pay in 2021:

There are several similarities between MA and MS programs – foundational courses, internship requirements, admission criteria, and more.

Likewise, there are many differences in focus areas, subject areas, assessment methods, teaching style, and graduate outcomes. Understanding the differences between both types can help you decide which fits you better.

Which One Should You Choose?

While there is no direct answer to this question, we can look at different factors affecting your personal and professional growth that can help you choose the degree more efficiently.

Both degrees provide students with academic qualifications to help them land better jobs or pursue further academics. They both equally show a student’s dedication to their field of study. 

Employers will generally not differentiate between the two degree types and regard them equally if you have the necessary knowledge and skills to do well. 

To decide which program to choose, you must pick one based on how it fits your personal and professional career goals. Those who prefer taking up humanity subjects might see the Master of Arts as an ideal choice. 

On the other hand, those with good mathematical and logical skills and a keen interest in STEM subjects may feel a Master of Science is more apt for them. 

Obtaining a master’s degree advances your career and provides a rich and rewarding experience in terms of accomplishments. 

Even though the distinction between the MA and MS degree is minor in itself, the choice you make has to be done carefully, as it could determine your future professional outcomes. 

Here are four tips for choosing the right degree:

1. Evaluate your appropriate career goals. If you want theoretical or critical knowledge, you could opt for an MA; however, additional scientific education and training will be more appropriate through an MS.
2. Understand different program-related components and ask yourself:
   1. What experiences will I gain from the courses?
   2. How will my program enhance academic mentorship?
   3. Can I access any career guidance post-program completion?
   4. What kind of career goals will be fostered through my program?
3. Think about the kind of concentration and courses the program type offers and whether those will help you grow further.
4. Closely observe your seniors, industry leaders, and other peers working in your desired field and what type of degree they hold. You will need to research and understand if the degree you want to pursue will lead you to academic success.